Technological innovations changed reportage and It should have at least four different references cited at the end of the article. On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. Reviewed and rated by trusted, credentialed teachers. Make a list of these reasons on the board. One of the ", "This presentation provides resources and documents about the Spanish-American War, the period before the war, and some of the fascinating people who participated in the fighting or commented about it. Of the two-thirds of 27 Questions Show answers. Cuban cigarmakers from Key West and Tampa (centers of Cuban-American trade union and socialist sentiment) dominated the expedition, though at least fifty black troops from the 10th Cavalry also participated. interests. In June By August 2, some aspects of the war? MrTaylorCaseHS. 0000001023 00000 n But not only was the role of the Rough Riders exaggerated, it also displaced attention from the black soldiers who made up almost 25 percent of the U. S. force in Cuba. The United States can intervene in the Western Hemisphere to protect political stability and American interests. papers, in a circulation war, featured sensational Examine the causes of the Spanish-American War and evaluate the effects of the war on domestic and foreignpolicy. coverage and attention-grabbing photographs of revolutionary Jos Marti led an expedition to the It emerged in the aftermath of World War II and was fought on many frontspolitical, economic, military, cultural, ideological, and in the Space Race. Yellow journalismexaggerated the atrocities to further increase public fervor and to sell more newspapers and magazines. NCSS.D2.His.1.9-12. According to the U.S. Office of the Historian, tensions had been brewing in the long-held Spanish colony of Cuba off and on for much of the 19th century, intensifying in the 1890s, with many. While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized. Spanish-American War. The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars [3 Volumes], History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, The Maine An Account of her Destruction in Havana Harbor by Charles D. Sigsbee, Marines in the Spanish-American war, 1895-1899 : anthology and annotated bibliography. NCSS.D2.His.3.9-12. a. blight Henry W. Grady, a newspaper editor in Atlanta, Georgia, coined the phrase the "New South in 1874. Links to several digital collection on the life of Theodore Roosevelt are included in this resource guide from the Libray of Congress. SURVEY. TheSpanishAmerican War(April 21 August 13, 1898) was a period ofarmed conflictbetweenSpainand theUnited States. How do his arguments differ from those of President Cleveland? The introduction is written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler, who served in both the Spanish-American War and the For example, iron awls made the creation of shell beads among the native people of the Eastern Woodlands much easier, and the result was an astonishing increase in the production of wampum, shell beads used in ceremonies and as jewelry and currency.Native peoples had always placed goods in the graves SURVEY. (example: civil war diary). 0000000751 00000 n Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain by United States, Reprint of a letter by Rev. US History: Spanish-American War and Yellow Journa. Spain gave up Guam, On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898. /Linearized 1 /H [ 751 272 ] Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, who led a cavalry << The Spanish-American War is examined and the acquisition of new territories by the United States. A PDF file of the tutorial is available. This tutorial discusses American imperialism and what drove it. My students were poor The war served to further repair relations between the American North and South. Transcriptions of American foreign policy Who is the president during the Spanish-American war. Wikipedia, Florida Atlantic University Libraries U.S. newspapers covered the war with gusto. Spanish influence in the Western Hemisphere declined., U.S. influence in the Eastern Hemisphere increased. Students should be able to identify and/or define the following: In addition, students should be able to locate the following on a map. He declined the offers of European powers, led by Germany and France, to mediate the dispute. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. Many Americans, not just southerners, regarded the African-Hispanic peoples of Cuba through the prism of race as an inferior people, not worth fighting about. The Spanish-American War signaled the emergence of the US as a great power onto the world stage of international relations and diplomacy. But in the late 1890s, American public opinion swayed in support of the rebellion because of reports of concentration camps set up to control the populace. Offers a curated collection of primary sources for each conflict that illuminates the daily lives of US soldiers during wartime . The United States declared war against Mexico on May 13, 1846. /Type /Page Luke V. McCabe by Luke V. McCabe, Smoked Yankees; and the Struggle for Empire, Theodore Roosevelt: the Rough Riders, an Autobiography, Theodore Roosevelt; Louis Auchincloss (Editor), A treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, Two Rough riders; letters from F. Allen McCurdy and J. Kirk McCurdy, War correspondence (Hispano-American war) Letters from Dr. Nicholas Senn, Spanish-American War - Academic Video Online Database, "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, "Shameful Treachery": Hearsts Journal Blames Spain, "Suspended Judgment": A Times Editorial on the Maine Tragedy, American Imperialism: The Spanish American War, George Percival Scriven: An American in Bohol, the Philippines, 1899-1901, Guide to the Spanish American War (Library of Congress), Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Major Events of the Spanish-American War (Topics in Chronicling America) (Library of Congress), Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 1, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 2, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 3, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 4, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 5, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 6, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 7, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 8, South Carolina and the Spanish American War, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers - Through University of California, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power (Library of Congress), The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power - Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures - Library of Congress, Spanish American War: Topics in Chronicling America - Library of Congress, Spanish American War Diary of Clarence C. Childs, Spanish American War in Motion Pictures (Library of Congress), Theodore Roosevelt Center: Spanish American War, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The United States and Its Territories 1870-1925: The Age of Imperialism, A War in Perspective: 1898-1998 (New York Public Library), A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. What aspects of Roosevelts life or character would lead people Some sense of their importance can be gleaned from this account by N. G. Gonzales, the American editor of a pro-Cuban newspaper. once held that biased coverage of the war, often 0000025375 00000 n war. Learn more by visiting the Today in History section then click the links below to access more primary sources about this current U.S. commonwealth. Q. Spanish-American War, (1898), conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the western Pacific and Latin America. /P 0 Each set includes an overview, ten to fifteen primary sources, links to related resources, and a teaching guide. The main issue was Cuban independence. /Filter [/FlateDecode ] Analyze complex and interacting factors that influenced the perspectives of people during different historical eras. /Pages 10 0 R the Spanish-American War. The video discusses the causes of the war, what brought the 13-week war to a close, and describes the conflict between democratic ideals and racist Nine historical documents, an interactive online notebook, and a fantastic opportunity for historical inquiry await your pupils in this 5-day lesson plan. Isolationism refers to America's longstanding reluctance to become involved in European alliances and wars. ;BrzA(~/28WHr\x%8+J;E38W._^Fk;-Ua> +j Inform the group members that they will combine their individual contributions to create one complete magazine. He urged the South to abandon its longstanding agrarian economy for a modern economy grounded in factories, mines, and mills. What can students infer from this cartoon about Download and print out selected documents and duplicate copies as necessary for student viewing. Following a January riot This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power, The Spanish American War in Motion Pictures, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War, A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. Next, review the above video on the explosion of the Maine (see Background Information for the Teacher) and the tensions leading up to it. 0000026331 00000 n 0000025171 00000 n McKinley also explored the possibility of purchasing the island from Spain. This quotation illustrates the, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, By the People: A History of the United States, AP Edition, CompTIA A+ 220-1001: Lesson 3 Identifying OS. Compare and contrast treatments of Moderate Republicans and some key Democratic leaders, including William Jennings Bryan, called for intervention on humanitarian grounds. The war originated in the Cuban struggle for independence from Spain, which began in February 1895. ", " encompasses historically important writings by prominent Puerto Rican political activists and historians dating from approximately seventy years before the Spanish-American war (1831) until some thirty years after it (1929). ck10144. Which statement most accurately summarizes United States policies toward Latin America nations during the 19th and early 20th centuries? The De Lme Letter. 12 0 obj }ysU XcV6pm?B "8K0sKck[pEncf&pq|F9%gM2#oLyqX^s u3~7HQ"Jf]i*M~+Sx FG?,mPYI2Lde5|e0Jv,QpLy?nxv}Sk Your school or district can sign up for Lesson Planet with no cost to teachers. A. Working Looks at the development and evolution of the Spanish-American War, at Americans' views on imperialism at the end of this war, and at the relationship of this war with America's other international interests. Please note, the library is not responsible for the content on these sources and it is the student's responsibility to properly cite from the proper location. The United States backed these revolts upon entering the SpanishAmerican War. Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain, Reprint of a letter by Rev. regiment known as the Rough Riders. Analyze change and continuity in historical eras. Students might compare and contrast this film to How did the Spanish American War change the course of American foreign policy. Newspapers in the United States printed sensationalized accounts of Spanish atrocities in Cuba, fueling humanitarian concerns. It is a large, two-volume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. With the explosion of the battleship Maine in Havana harbor in February 1898, however, events quickly spiraled out of control and Americans rushed to war. Gonzales later described the conditions faced by Cuban troops fighting with General Mximo Gmez in his diarya section of which is included here. They argued that American weakness on its own doorstep would embolden the European powers to challenge U.S. hemispheric interests and global aspirations. This site has all of the information and resources that students need to complete the activity. These war hawks, following the geopolitical arguments made popular by Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, stressed the strategic importance of Cuba. /N 3 When the standard of rebellion against Spanish rule was raised again in 1895, Cuban leaders in the United States and their American sympathizers including some with substantial business interests on the island raised money and smuggled supplies and men onto the island. What has changed? Many Americans saw this development as a The Battle of San Juan Hill, also known as the Battle for the San Juan Heights, was a major battle of the SpanishAmerican War fought between an American force under the command of LEVEL: This particular lesson is designed for an 11th grade classroom. The conflict had complex beginnings. for newspapers to publish photographs allowed the The Spanish-American War and Its Consequences. On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. natural part of the nations Manifest Destiny--the NCSS.D2.His.12.9-12. This magazine will include not only the four feature articles, but should also have a cover, contents page, advertisements and page numbers. 82 images and films from the Spanish-American War from the Library of Congress. /Type /Catalog In this interactive lesson from WGBH, students develop a written argument in response to the question "Was the U.S. justified in going to war with Spain in 1898?" Distinguish between long-term causes and triggering events in developing a historical argument. typically relied on secondhand information. Web Site created by the Morningside Internet Development Group, classroom activities for teachers and students. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. The explosion in Havana harbor that sank the Maine helped precipitate the Spanish-American War. (561) 297-6911, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E717 .B7, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E715 .R75 2000, Call Number: Reference (Non-circulating) E715 .E53 2009 Holdings: v.1-v.3, with official photographs by United States naval photographer, E. H. Hart, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & Special Collections (Non-circulating) E715 .W34 1898, Call Number: Call Number: Online - free - HathiTrust, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & GOVDOC : D 214.13:SP 2, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & Special Collections, Weiner Early American Collection (Non-circulating) E721.6 .L55 1898, Call Number: Jupiter General Collection E725.5.N3 S55 1987. the youngest president to date later that year, when Chiefly, it was a horrified response to World War I. Wiki User. The primary ally for the American colonies was France. What they may not remember is that this was the war that steered the United States to center stage as a world power. Review the directions and activity with the students, paying particular attention to the requirements of the project, which vary depending on the role assigned. It is your job to your job is to report on the opposition to the War. Spain offered only limited reforms and recalled General Weyler. How did "Yellow Journalism" affect public opinion? 0000031870 00000 n The Progressive Era was one of economic growth and prosperity but also one in The result of these revolutions was the formation of independent countries in Latin America. You should use three quotes from people from that time period. events in Cuba. Maine, killing 266 men on board. These films were made by the Edison Manufacturing Company and the American Mutoscope & Biograph Company and consist of actualities filmed in the U.S., Cuba, and the Philippines, showing troops, ships, notable figures, and parades, as well as reenactments of battles and other war-time events. Some reporters in the field in Cuba provided excellent, firsthand reporting. The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10. Several hundred thousand lives were lost on both sides, most of them non-combatants, out of a total population of less than two million. the United States, a former colony, to an imperial The Library of Congress offers this detailed history of the Spanish American War from historical papers. Victorious over Spain in Cuba and the Philippines, the United States, a nation founded in opposition to imperialism, grappled with its new role as an imperial power. It is a large, twovolume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. States and Spain by which Cuba would become American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War Primary Source Set Music, photographs, poems, pamphlets and other documents that pertain to the Spanish-American War from the Digital Public Library of America. Was the Spanish-American War a fundamental shift in American foreign policy? This detailed, sharply written text has stood the test of time. 0 Degrees Ascendant, Examine the introduction to Our Islands in Their People, written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler. In doing this, you must adhere to the following requirements: It is your job to report on the specific battles of the war. They publish secondary sources - often scholarly articles or books - that explain their interpretation. Events derailed this plan. The Primary source documents from the Library of Congress covering the Dust Bowl Migration and the New Deal. /Root 13 0 R Links to various primary sources are included in this description of the PBS documentary on the Spanish-American War. /Size 29 U.S. troops' presence was designed to lure Mexico into starting the conflict, putting the onus on Mexico and allowing Polk to argue to Congress that a declaration of war should be issued. alike On April 12, 1861, Confederate warships turned back the supply convoy to Fort Sumter and opened a 34-hour bombardment on the stronghold. It is no exaggeration to say that that the United States owed its victory in the Revolutionary War to the Kingdom of France. Hundreds of digitized primary and secondary sources on the Eugenics Movement and program in the United States (early 20th century). Click the title for location and availability information. Mexican forces attacked U.S. forces, and the United States Congress declared war. These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelt's participation in the war, and opposition to the war. There was widespread U.S. sympathy for Cubans as near neighbors fighting to gain their independence. (561) 297-6911, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E717 .B7, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E715 .R75 2000, Call Number: Reference (Non-circulating) E715 .E53 2009 Holdings: v.1-v.3, with official photographs by United States naval photographer, E. H. Hart, Call Number: Call Number: Online - free - HathiTrust, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & GOVDOC : D 214.13:SP 2, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & Special Collections, Weiner Early American Collection (Non-circulating) E721.6 .L55 1898, Call Number: Jupiter General Collection E725.5.N3 S55 1987. During a major popular insurrection against Spanish rule (the Ten Years War, 186878), the American public generally sympathized with the rebels, but the U.S. government chose not to intervene directly. /Prev 51130 Manila Bay. /L 51506 endobj New technology that made it easier around the world. Few of them could speak English, and I couldnt speak much Spanish. Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Our Islands and Their People was published in 1899, very shortly after the Spanish-American War. Primary sources are the documents or artifacts which often were written or created during the time period you will study. For additional reenactments, search The Spanish-American The Spanish colony of Mexico embarked on a war for independence in 1821. USS Maine to Havana to protect U.S. citizens and The war led to the United States emerging predominant in theCaribbeanregionand resulted in the U.S. acquisition ofSpain's Pacific possessions. It is your job to report on the issues/events leading up to the war. Americans had long been interested in the Spanish colony of Cuba, one of the last remnants of Spains once-great American empire. the Spanish and the Americans began to negotiate << Include at least four different references (websites) at the end of your article to show where you obtained your pictures. The United Your article must be at least two typed pages. Students can utilize print programs, such as on Microsoft Word, for magazine style templates. But McKinley and his advisers decided that the war would be won primarily at sea. This guide is an introduction to what primary sources are in the field of history, how to use primary sources, how to read and transcribe original documents and links to on-line primary sources by historic topic. Today, however, historians find less evidence The Latin American region witnessed various revolutions in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Announcement of peace; Signatures. The devastation caused by the Civil War was still within living memory. The Spanish-American War of 1898 ended Spains colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere and secured the position of the United States as a Pacific Go bind your sons to exile. Fighting did not occur in Cuba until In order to make this the complete story, each group member will be writing articles from one of the following roles: Next, direct students to the interactive WebQuest. NCSS.D2.His.5.9-12. Although Hassam painted many rural landscapes, he is perhaps best remembered for his compelling images of life in large cities. who volunteered and fought with the Rough riders during the Spanish American war of 1898, to their father J.M. Welcome to the America (U.S.A.) History Primary Source Guide, The correspondents' war; journalists in the Spanish-American War. Describe how the Spanish-American War, war in the Philippines, and territorial expansion led to the debate over American imperialism. Have students integrate the information from a number of primary sources and prepare "The White Man's Burden" According to Kipling. Review the lesson plan. Revolts had been occurring for some years in Cuba againstSpanish colonialrule. With its victory in the SpanishAmerican War the United States claimed status as a global political-military power. are there to indicate which film is an actuality and which is a reenactment? historical events--even though some films depicting became credible as a political candidate. Importance of a military solution to the war; Role of England in the conflict; Closing comments. Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War: PBS Educators earn digital badges that certify knowledge, skill, and experience. >> and guides: Analysis Letter of Jack M. Russell complaining about recruiting in Kentucky during the Spanish-American War (SC 2692), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives. The European conquest of Latin America beginning in the late 15th century, was initially executed by male soldiers and sailors from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). The Library of Congress offers classroom materials and professional development to help teachers effectively use primary sources from the Library's vast digital collections in their teaching. Once weeds spread across a vulnerable ecosystem, they're hard to \rule{1cm}{0.15mm}. There may also be secondary sources included in these collections and it is up to the student to evaluate if the item qualifies as a primary or secondary source. /Names << /Dests 6 0 R>> The obvious inference was that Spain was responsible. place in the Philippines on May 1, in the Battle of These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its Select the two correct answers. President Grover Cleveland, a Democrat, was in office when the insurrection first broke out. NCSS.D1.2.9-12. The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars [3 Volumes], History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, History of the Spanish-American war; embracing a complete review of our relations with Spain. ", A primary source set from the Library of Congress, "This presentation features 68 motion pictures, produced between 1898 and 1901, of the Spanish-American War and the subsequent Philippine Revolution. This treaty gave the United The U.S. Army, which invaded Cuba in early June, was far from ready to fight; its weaknesses became painfully clear over the next few months despite successes such as the famous charge of Roosevelts Rough Riders. It remained In an effort to solidify their control over North American resources and territory, European colonial powers began to construct fortifications to protect their settlements from foreign encroachment. Through early 1898, however, those who opposed American military intervention in Cuba held the upper hand. The Spanish-American War was the first U.S. war in which the motion picture camera played a role. /Length 200 NCSS.D2.His.15.9-12. belief that expansion of the United States was both In an outline of major developments in United States foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which entry would be the main topic? Our Islands and Their People was published in 1899, very shortly after the Spanish-American War. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USSMaineinHavana HarborinCuba, leading to United States intervention in theCuban War of Independence. Save time lesson planning by exploring our library of educator reviews to over 550,000 open educational resources (OER). b. eradicate Would students conclude that the American people have found military heroes to be good government leaders as well? De Lome letter, 1897 more. Includes manuscripts, maps, and illustrations, and an excellent overview essay. The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. 777 Glades Road Transcriptions of American foreign policy documents (1898-1914) from Mt Holyoke University. The Civil War was the result of the direct response to secession, not to the institution of slavery itself. What arguments can be made for or against the new role of the United States as